Inonotus obliquus

🧭 Description & Habitat

A parasitic fungus forming hard, charcoal-like sclerotia (“conks”) on birch and other hardwood trees in northern climates. The sterile conk is black externally, golden-brown inside, and forms over decades

📜 History & Ethnobotany

Used in Siberian/Russian folk medicine since the 16th century for gastrointestinal issues, cancer, diabetes, liver disease, infections, and as a tonic . Indigenous North American stories also attribute nurturing symbolism to Chaga

🔬 Phytochemicals

Rich in bioactive compounds:

Polysaccharides (beta-glucans) – immunomodulatory

Triterpenoids (e.g., inotodiol, betulinic acid) – anti-inflammatory, anticancer

Polyphenols & melanin – potent antioxidants

⚕️ Medicinal Benefits

Immune support: Stimulates WBC, antiviral effects

Anti-inflammatory & antioxidant: Inhibits cytokine production

Blood sugar & cholesterol support: Animal studies show reductions

Hepatoprotective, renoprotective, fatigue-reducing: Supported by preclinical studies

Anticancer potential: In vitro and animal evidence (colon, lung, liver cancers)

🍽️ Uses & Forms

Typically consumed as tea, powder, tincture, capsules, or atop food; topical use in creams for anti-inflammatory benefits

🚫 Risks & Side Effects

High oxalate content may risk kidney damage in sensitive individuals

May cause hypoglycemia when combined with diabetes meds; caution with blood-thinners

Rare allergy or gastrointestinal upset reported; no widespread toxicity